part of
anatomical entity
whole organism
cephalothorax
Figs 72:1, 72:4, 72:26 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The anterior division of the spider body.
prosoma
abdomen
The posterior division of the spider body.
opisthosoma
cuticle
carapace
Fig 72:4 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
Dorsal shield of the cephalothorax.
pedicel
Figs 72:4, 72:26 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
First abdominal segment, the narrowed connection between cephalothorax and abdomen.
abdominal segment 1
1st abdominal segment
2nd abdominal segment (epigastrium)
Obsolesced because this term was a mixture of (mostly) external and internal terms.
epigastric area
portion of organism substance
Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body.
3rd abdominal segment (posterior booklungs and tracheae)
Obsolesced because this term was a mixture of external and internal terms.
spinneret
Figs 72:4, 72:7 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
Finger-like or conical silk spinning appendages located at the posterior end of the abdomen.
anal tubercle
A small lobe posterior to the spinnerets which bears the anal opening.
stage
tagma
organ system
A division of the whole organism into specialized systems.
eye
cephalic area
Fig 72:11 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
caput
The anterior portion of the carapace, bearing the eyes, sometimes delimited posteriorly by marked thoracic furrows.
cephalon
head
pars cephalica
thoracic area
The posterior portion of the carapace, sometimes delimited anteriorly by marked thoracic furrows.
fovea
Fig 72:1, 72:11 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
pit
furrow
The central depression in the carapace representing the invagination of the carapace where the stomach muscles attach.
thoracic groove
dorsal groove
chelicera
The anterior appendages of a spider (the jaws) consisting of a large basal segment (paturon) and an apical fang.
female palp
Figs 72:26, 72:75 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
pedipalp
palpus
The most anterior leg-like appendage in spiders.
leg 1
fore leg
leg I
Appendage of cephalothorax, between the palp and leg 2.
leg 2
leg II
Appendage of cephalothorax, between the leg 1 and leg 3.
leg 3
Appendage of cephalothorax, between the leg 2 and leg 4.
leg III
leg 4
Most posterior appendage of cephalothorax.
leg IV
hind leg
pedicel sternite
Ventral sclerite on the pedicel.
pedicel tergite
One of the dorsal sclerites on the pedicel.
anterior booklung
The booklung of the second abdominal segment.
epigynum
The sclerotized region of female spiders covering the internal genitalia and located between the book lungs and anterior of the epigastric furrow.
epigyne
vulva
A collective term for the internal components of the female genitalia associated with the epigynum including copulatory ducts, spermathecae, and fertilization ducts.
epiandrium
The area just anterior to the epigastric fold and between the booklungs in male spiders, often bearing epiandrous spigots.
posterior lateral respiratory structure
The respiratory structure homologous to the posterior booklung, which may be present as a booklung developed in full or in diverse grades of reduction, or as a (lateral) trachea.
median tracheae or entapophyses
posterior tracheal spiracle
Fig 72:26 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The opening to the tracheal respiratory system.
epigastric fold
Fig 72:26, 72:34 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
A transverse groove across the anterior ventral part of the abdomen, delimiting the second and third abdominal segments.
AMS-cribellum-colulus
The anterior median abdominal appendage, which may be present as a spinneret in some Mesothelae, or reduced to the cribellum or colulus in Araneomorphae; it is absent in Mygalomorphae.
anterior lateral spinneret
anterior spinneret
ALS
The lateral spinneret of the fourth abdominal segment.
posterior median spinneret
Fig 72:7 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
median spinneret
PMS
The median spinneret of the fifth abdominal segment.
posterior lateral spinneret
posterior spinneret
The lateral spinneret of the fifth abdominal segment.
PLS
chilum
Fig 72:17 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
A small sclerite at the base of the chelicera (under the clypeus).
clypeus
Fig 72:5 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The space between the anterior edge of the carapace and the anterior eyes.
anal tubercle tergite
The dorsal sclerite of the anal tubercle.
anal tubercle sternite
The ventral sclerite of the anal tubercle.
integumentary system
The organ system that forms the covering layer of the animal.
female genitalia
male palp
setal shaft
The movable body of the seta, articulated on the setal socket.
intestine
anterior median eye
Fig 72:6 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
primary eye
The median of the anterior row.
AME
anterior lateral eye
ALE
The lateral eye of the anterior row.
posterior median eye
The median eye of the posterior row.
PME
posterior lateral eye
The lateral eye of the posterior row.
PLE
carapace posterior margin
The posterior margin of the carapace on top of the pedicel.
silk cable
A cord of silk composed by more than one silk fiber.
silk fiber
A single silk thread, produced by a single spigot.
abdominal segment
cephalothorax segment
external abdomen
epigastrium
The ventral part of the second abdominal segment, bearing the booklung plates and anterior to the epigastric furrow.
postepigastrium
A new tentative term for the ventral abdominal area between the epigastric fold and the spinnerets. It corresponds with the 3rd abdominal segment.
posterior respiratory system
The respiratory system of the third abdominal segment, reduced to tubular tracheae in derived Araneomorphae.
posterior booklung
The booklung of the third abdominal segment.
clypeal glands
suprapalpal pit gland
A depression on the side of the carapace, above the palp, with pores, presumable gland openings.
posterior median respiratory structure
median trachea
entapophysis 3
3rd entapophysis
apodeme
3rd apodeme
fang
The apical segment of a chelicera, bearing the opening of the venom gland.
paturon
Figs 72:5, 72:13 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The basal segment of a chelicera.
posterior booklung spiracle
posterior booklung leaves
postchilum
intercheliceral articulation
female palpal coxa
Figs 72:13, 72:36, 72:75 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
gnathobase
gnathocoxa
The expanded lobe of the palpal coxa situated laterally of the labium.
maxilla
endite
female palpal trochanter
female palpal femur
female palpal patella
female palpal tibia
female palpal tarsus
female palpal claw
heart ostium
AMS
coxa 1
trochanter 1
femur 1
patella 1
tibia 1
metatarsus 1
tarsus 1
claw 1
coxa 2
trochanter 2
femur 2
patella 2
tibia 2
metatarsus 2
tarsus 2
claw 2
coxa 3
trochanter 3
femur 3
patella 3
tibia 3
metatarsus 3
tarsus 3
claw 3
coxa 4
trochanter 4
femur 4
patella 4
tibia 4
metatarsus 4
tarsus 4
claw 4
foregut
cribellum
coxal glands
colulus
posterior booklung or lateral tracheae
AMS spigot
lateral trachea
PMS segment
ALS basal segment
ALS median segment
ALS apical segment
ALS spinning field
PMS spinning field
PLS basal segment
PLS apical segment
PLS spinning field
heart
midgut
gut caecum
lateral lobe
median field
copulatory duct
Fig 72:34 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
connecting ducts
insemination ducts
entrance ducts
Ducts in the female genitalia which connect the copulatory pores to the spermathecae.
spermathecal ducts
copulatory opening
Figs 72:33, 72:34 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
epigynal openings
copulatory pores
External pores on the epigyna of entelegyne females.
fertilization duct
Internal ducts through which females fertilize their eggs; in haplogyne spiders these are the same as copulatory ducts.
primary spermatheca (SP1, with FD)
seminal receptacle
Internal sclerotized sperm-storage sacs present in all female spiders.
dictynoid pore
secondary spermatheca (SP2 or head)
stalk of spermatheca (CD between SP1 and SP2)
nubbin
epigynal glands
male palpal coxa
male palpal endite
male serrula
male maxillary gland
spigot base
male endite apical tuft seta
male palpal trochanter
male palpal femur
male palpal patella
male palpal tibia
spigot shaft
male palpal tibia dorsal processes
male palpal tibia prolateral processes
male palpal tibia retrolateral processes
male palpal tibia ventral processes
cymbium
Fig 72:12 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The adult male palpal tarsus, especially when modified as a spoon-shaped structure containing the palpal bulb.
tarsal organ
maAmp base
cymbium dorsal chemosensory seta
cymbium apical setae
alveolus
The concave ventral surface of the male palpal cymbium; the modified palpal tarsus of the male in which lies the genital bulb .
alveolus retromargin
alveolus promargin
paracymbial retrolateral-basal process
Figs 72:29, 72:31, 72:52 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
An appendage of the cymbium; usually a rigid outgrowth but may be flexibly attached by a membrane.
cymbial dorsal processes
copulatory bulb
genital bulb
palpal organ
The genital structure of the male spider containing the sperm reservoir and attached to the palpal tarsus; rarely fused to the tarsus, as in some Oonopidae, from which it can be differentiated by lacking setae .
bulbus
petiolus
basal hematodocha
subtegulum
Figs 72:31, 72:37 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The basal sclerite of the bulb.
fundus
tegulum
Figs 72:29, 72:31, 72:37 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The middle sclerite of the male palp, that contains the sperm duct and bears the embolus.
median hematodocha
embolic division
In the Linyphiidae, the terminal portion of the palpal bulb, consisting of the radix, embolus and various accessory sclerites; it is attached to the suprategulum by a narrow stalk.
embolus
Figs 72:29, 72:31, 72:51 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The intromittent organ of the male palp, connected to sperm reservoir; often slender, but variable in shape and length.
spermaphor
median apophysis
Figs 72:29, 72:31 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
On the male palp, a sclerotized structure in the lower center of the bulb.
conductor
The structure of the male palp associated with the embolus; may be sclerotized or hyaline.
terminal hematodocha
sclerite unspecified
maAmp shaft
Pi base
cheliceral boss
promargin
Fig 72:13 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The anterior margin of the cheliceral furrow in Araneomorphae (mesal margin in Mygalomorphae).
retromargin
The posterior margin of the cheliceral furrow in Araneomorphae (ectal margin in Mygalomorphae).
cheliceral gland
stridulatory files
Fig 72:68, Fig 72:69 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
A series of fine grooves used in conjunction with thorns to pro duce sound, typically located along the ectal margin of the chelicera or along the ventro apical margin of the abdomen; see also thorn.
Pi shaft
PLS Ac shaft
AME retina
ALE tapetum
PME tapetum
PLE tapetum
promarginal seta
retromarginal seta
venom outlet
serrula
Fig 72:66 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
A row of tiny teeth along the anterior edge of the endite.
endite apical tuft seta
maxillary gland
PLS Ac base
female palpal tarsus ventral seta
female palpal tarsus apical seta
female palpal tarsus dorsal chemosensory seta
retrocoxal hymen 1
PLS Cy base
PLS Cy shaft
PLS MS shaft
PLS MS base
PLS PC base
PLS PC shaft
PLS spigot unspecific shaft
PLS spigot unspecific base
posterior lateral spinneret aggregate gland spigot
aggregate gland spigot
hair appendages cephalothorax
socket hair appendages cephalothorax
scale appendages cephalothorax
Small setae without innervation, bend in an obtuse angle just after the socket; can be of several shapes, including cylindrical, feathery, flat
scopular seta
socket scopular seta
scopular seta tenent barb
claw tuft seta
claw tuft seta base
claw tuft seta tenent barb
proclaw 1
retroclaw 1
inferior claw 1
proclaw 2
retroclaw 2
inferior claw 2
proclaw 3
retroclaw 3
inferior claw 3
proclaw 4
retroclaw 4
inferior claw 4
calamistrum
Fig 72:10 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
A row of curved thick setae (rarely arranged in an oval patch) located dorsally along metatarsus IV of cribellate spiders; used for combing out silk from the cribellum.
calamistrum seta
sustentaculum
tarsal setal comb 4
female palp femoral thorn
lyra
PMS Ac base
PMS Ac shaft
PMS Cy base
booklung cover
booklung cover internal surface
anterior booklung leaves
booklung leaves internal spacers
PMS Cy shaft
epiandric spigots
lateral tracheae internal structure
ALS spigot unspecific
maAmp
maAmp field
maAmp field sensilla
PMS spigot unspecific
PMS miAmp
PMS Ac
PMS Cy
PLS Ac
PLS Cy
PLS MS
PLS PC
PLS triad
PMS PC
embolus tip
sperm outlet
male palpal femoral thorn
male palpal femoral thorn socket
PMS miAmp base
PMS miAmp shaft
seta appendage cephalothorax
median trachea internal structure
cribellar spigot
PLS spigot unspecific
seta anal tubercle
PMS PC base
bursa
Latin term for female copulatory pouch.
PMS PC shaft
posterior apodemes
posterior receptacle
uterus externus
male palpal patellar process
chemosensory seta
labral sclerite
A flat sclerite with a distal free end on the dorsal side of the labrum of araneomorph spiders (except Hypochilus).
labrum
Fig 72:36 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The upper lip (usually covered by the chelicerae and not easily visible).
labium
Figs 72:13, 72:35 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The anterior median extension of the sternum.
lip
labial sigilla
sternum
Figs 72:26, 72:35 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The ventral sclerite of the cephalothorax.
sternal sigilla
PMS spigot unspecific base
PMS spigot unspecific shaft
precoxal triangles
Fig 72:59 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
precoxal sclerites
Triangular sclerotized extensions from the sternum to the coxae.
intercoxal sclerites
Narrow sclerites between the coxae.
base of posterior lateral spinneret aggregate gland spigot
shaft of posterior lateral spinneret aggregate gland spigot
superior claw 1
pleural area
vertical intercoxal bars
supracoxal sclerites
midgut diverticle
seta abdomen
hair abdomen
scale abdomen
maxillary cusple
Fig 72:21 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
Small spines on the endites and labium of Mygalomorphae.
dorsal sigilla
Sense organs, usually pit-like on the dorsal surface of spider tarsi.
scopula
Fig72:15, 72:44, 72:66 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
Group of tenent setae covering surfaces in appendages. Do not confuse with the generic use as a brush of unspecified setae.
claw tuft
Fig 72:15 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
A dense brush of hairs between the paired tarsal claws; almost always indicates the absence of the unpaired claw; tufts may be composed of simple hairs or thick broad ones (= tenent hairs).
trichobothria
Fig 72:44 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
A sensory hair (sensillum) arising from a round pit (bothrium); typically these are very slender and project vertically from the surface above the other hairs, rarely are they short and thick.
superior claw 2
macroseta appendages cephalothorax
See spines.
cymbial retrolateral-medial processes
chorion
silk structure
cribellate silk band
A complex silk structure composed by fibers from multiple gland spigot types: cribellar fibers, axial lines, and often a reserve wrap.
cribellate fiber
cribellate fibril
dragline
piriform glue
The silk produced by the piriform gland spigots, placed on the anterior lateral spigots, to attach the ampullate fibers to the substrate.
eggsac layers
sticky composed line
The sticky line composed by dry axial fibers and a viscous glue as in the araneoid spiral.
trochanter eclosion tooth
attachment disk
egg
anterior booklung spiracle
venom gland
sigilla
Fig 72:67 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
sigillum
Circular impressions or dimples on the abdomen and sternum of some spiders representing points of muscle attachment and endoskeletal attachments.
appendages cephalothorax
whole organism color
Replace this with pigment layers, cuticular pigment, or other more precise terms. Use characters as guide.
superior claw 3
superior claw 4
palp
cephalothorax color
abdominal color
setae patterns
Replace this an anatomical term, like the complete setal vestiture. Use characters as guide.
cephalothorax cuticle
eye proportions
eye relative positions
indirect eye
All eyes other than the anterior median eye; only these may have the tapetum layer and appear shiny.
tapetum
Light reflecting crystalline structure behind the retinal cells of the secondary eyes.
postembryo
A generic term for pre-hatching stages.
fang furrow
The groove of the chelicera into which the fang closes.
cusple
Very short macroseta, often with a blunt tip.
trichobothrial patterns
socket trichobothria
shaft trichobothria
socket macroseta appendages cephalothorax
macrosetae patterns
shaft macroseta appendages cephalothorax
setal barb
tibial gland 1
cuticle abdomen
abdominal tergite
abdominal sternite
seta
May be erect or recumbent; simple, serrate, feathery, to plumose, or clavate to broad scales.
setal socket
urticating hair
shaft hair appendages cephalothorax
spinning field
spigot
Tiny cylindrical extension of the spinnerets from which silk is extruded.
aciniform gland spigot
Form of a silk gland and its a associated spigot type .
pumpkiniform spigot
cylindrical gland spigot
ampullate gland spigot
paracribellar gland spigot
tartipore
shaft scopular seta
leg
coxa
Figs 72:19, 72:26, 72:75 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The basal, or first, segment of a spider leg and palp.
trochanter
Figs 72:19, 72:75 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
Second segment of the leg or palp between the coxa and femur, often as a short ring-shaped segment.
femur
Figs 72:19,72:75 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The third segment of the leg, outward from the body, located between the trochanter and patella.
patella
The 4th segment of the legs and palpi outward from the body; it is a short curved segment located between the femur and tibia.
tibia
5th segment of the leg and palp; located between patella and metatarsus of leg, patella and tarsus of palp.
metatarsus
Fig 72:19 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The 6th segment of the leg, located between the tibia and tarsus.
basitarsus
tarsus
Fig 72:19, 72:75 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
The 7th or distal-most segment of the leg, the distal segment of the palp.
distitarsus
onychium
claw
superior claw
proclaw
retroclaw
inferior claw
Fig 72:3 in SPDrf:Ubick_et_al_2005_glossary
median claw
The third claw (not paired) located apically on the tarsus; absent from male palpi.
distal plate socket trichobothria
sensilla appendage cephalothorax
development
Replace this with stage-specific anatomical terms. Use characters as guide.
cuticle legs and palp
metatarsus dorsal stopper
proximal plate socket trichobothria
direct eye
An eye where the retina receives the light directly, as opposed to being reflected by a tapetum.
AME lens
ALE lens
PLE lens
PME lens
eye lens
cuticle carapace
hair carapace
hair
scale carapace
scale
labial cusple
seta carapace
macroseta
cribellate band axial line
cribellate band reserve wrap
Ac silk fiber
maAmp silk fiber
miAmp silk fiber
PC silk fiber
MS silk fiber
Cy silk fiber
Pi silk fiber
cribellar silk fiber
Flagelliform gland spigot.
PsFg
Pseudoflagelliform gland spigot.
Fg base
Fg shaft
PsFg base
PsFg shaft
abdominal segment 2
abdominal segment 3
abdominal segment 4
abdominal segment 5
tracheal system
booklung
A respiratory structure made of many hollow leaves lined by cuticle, connecting to the exterior by a spiracle.
booklung spiracle
booklung leaves
booklung atrium
posterior booklung atrium
anterior booklung atrium
trachea
tracheal spiracle
tracheal tube
lateral respiratory structure
median respiratory structure
entapophysis
anterior respiratory system
anterior lateral respiratory structure
anterior median respiratory structure
epigastric median trachea
cuticle leg
fang base
fang shaft
fang shaft serrula
behavioral entity
cribellate silk carding behavior
combing behavior
carding behavior
The stereotyped movements used by cribellate spiders to card the band of cribellar fibrils using the calamistrum. It involves the movement of the carding leg IV of which the calamistrum is being used, and a contralateral leg to support the carding leg.